Here is a glossary of graphic design and typography incorporating the key terms encountered in the various fields of graphic arts industry.

ALIGNMENT: Positioning the text relative to the margins of the page. There are four types of alignment: iron left, flush right, justified or centered. For an alignment to the left or right, also known composition feathered.

UP: Also called pole or long leg up or higher. Part of a lowercase character (such as k, b, or d) which rises above the eye.

BAT: Acceptance signed by the sponsor to the designer or printer, proving that he agrees to the creation or printing. The signing of BAT on printer output or event liberates the designer and printer of any responsibility for any error found after the creation or printing.

Em: Unit standard measurement in typography. The em dash is equivalent to the hunting of capital M measured in the font and font used. In practice, it means the point size of the current font, for example, body 12, the em is 12 points.

CHARACTER: The term "character" has a different meaning depending on context. In reference to modern computer operating systems, it is generally a code that is associated with a particular meaning. Thus, the character code decimal 97 represents the letter a. Currently, most operating systems represent character codes in a data unit called 8-bit byte.

CHARACTER GRAS darker version of a character whose features have been thickened to make them more clearly on the page. The bolding is suitable for titles, while the italic is better for the body text.

CENTER: Text placed equidistant from the left and right margins. The titles are usually centered. It is inadvisable to mix composition and composition centered flag.

CONDENSED: A variant of a font whose hunting is narrower than usual, for distributing a maximum of glyphs in a given space.

BODY: Standard measure of character, expressed in points, and bounded by the upper end of the highest upward and the lower end of the lowest down. In Europe, the character is often measured by the height of the capitals in millimeters.

BODY OF TEXT: Paragraphs in a document constituting the bulk of its content. The body of the text will be defined in an appropriate font and readable, with a corps of 10 or 12 points.

WHEELBASE: Small decorative horizontal line at the head and foot of each leg of a letter. The footings are designed to facilitate reading.

EPS: A document in EPS vector file is a postscript describing the contents of an image or a full page (text, nets, imported images).

SHAPING: In printing, the shaping is the final step in the end of printing. This series of actions that will give the book its final appearance. It consists of a folding step of trimming and binding.

FAMILY OF CHARACTER: Also called family. Character set developed for their combined use. For example, the Garamond typeface family consists of roman and italic styles, as well as normal fat, half fat and fat. Each of the sets of style and form a fat character.

IRON LEFT: Vertical alignment of text lines on the left. If the same text is not aligned right and ends irregularly, its presentation is called iron left, right flag. The expression on the right flag is sometimes used alone to mean the same thing.

IRON RIGHT: Vertical alignment of text lines on the right. If the same text is not aligned to the left and the beginning of the lines is irregular, its presentation is said to be flush right to the left flag. The term flag is left alone sometimes used to mean the same thing.

FINISH: All treatments suffered by the work of their press release to their shipment.

FTP client or server software solution for transferring files between two machines.

HEIGHT OF CAPITAL: Capital height of a font, between the baseline and the upper end of the character. It can be equal or not to that of the bottom. The amount of capital used in some systems, to measure the body of the police.

IMPORTS: In a file layout, not the text, imports are the logos or photos from other software.

ITALICS: Inclined version or script of a character. The letters "straight" are Roman characters.

Line spacing: Space added between lines of text to make it readable. This term originally meant the blades cast alloy that was used by printers for spacing lines physically lead characters. Most applications will automatically apply a standard line spacing according to the body of the police. If a narrow spacing allows more complete page, the text, it becomes less readable. Conversely, a large space the text spacing on the page and makes it more readable. When the spacing is negative, the approximation of lines creates a superposition or apposition.

JUSTIFICATION: Block text whose lines are aligned margins left and right. Justified text, although more formal, makes reading more difficult.

JPG: The JPG format is at a loss, thus eliminating the information, but one of the strengths of JPG is that its compression ratio is adjustable.

Spacing: Adjust the space between the letters of a block of text to fit more or less text, or to improve readability. Unlike kerning, which refines the approaches of two to two letters, the spacing applies to an entire block of text. Sometimes referred spacing in terms of approach or kerning free.

Drop cap: capital letter beginning of a paragraph written in a size that is larger than the text and aligned to the top of the first line. The typographic style is the beginning of a new section of text, including a chapter.

BASELINE: Sometimes called line up. Imaginary line on which aligns the eye of all characters.

MARGIN: Invalid framing a block of text. Generally, margins are set on the banks of the page, since most printers do not print until now. The whites also aerate the text to make it more attractive and more readable.

EYE: This is traditionally the height of the lowercase letter x. The eye also designates the height of lowercase letters in a font without stalks ascending and descending. Some lowercase letters without ascender or down does not correspond nevertheless quite the eye-level. The eye-level may vary considerably from one font to another, for a given body.

Offset: The offset process is currently the major method of printing. Its success is due to its flexibility and its ability to adapt to a wide variety of products. The offset can cover a relatively wide range of prints.

PANTONE: Unlike color, which is an optical mixture of color, Pantone is a physical mixture of color, that is to say that the inks are mixed by the pressman before printing. The Pantone system of origin was therefore not supported but four of 14 primary colors. The PMS includes no fewer than 800 colors actually gives the proportions of each of these 14 colors.

DTP: The desktop publishing, commonly abbreviated DTP (Desktop Publishing DTP English) is the set of processing techniques (computer, software, peripherals acquisition, writing ...) to produce documents for the printing. It is the logical evolution and history of typography and typesetting.

PDF: The PDF is a file format created by Adobe Systems, as an evolution of PostScript. The advantage of PDF is that it preserves the fonts, images, graphics and layout of any source document, regardless of the application and platform used to read it. PDF files can be created with custom options, both levels of compression of images and text, the print quality of the file, that lock. The PDF format has become the exchange and archiving of electronic documents.

Coating: A method of finishing which adds after printing a thin layer of polypropylene glossy or matte finish giving the perfect medium.

PICA: Unit of measurement equal to approximately one sixth of an inch. One pica equals 12 points. Pica Anglo-Saxon is approximately 4.22 mm. On a PostScript printer, pica is equivalent to exactly one sixth of an inch.

ITEM: Unit of typographic measurement equal to one seventy-second of an inch (0.351 mm). One pica equals 12 points.

CHIP: Also referred to bullet point star or bullet. Point or other special characters to the left of a list of items to indicate the correlation between each of them.

QUADRI: The color or CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, black) is a printing process to reproduce a wider color spectrum from the three basic colors (cyan, magenta and yellow) plus black .

Creasing: Imprint hollow on strong paper intended to facilitate the fold.

ROMAN: Alternative Means traditionally "right" of a character in a family, as opposed to its italic version.

SCREEN: Screen printing is a printing technique can be applied to different media. This technique involves passing an ink through a screen (kind of stencil). The ink is thus deposited on the support by replicating open forms of the screen.

SERVER: A computer that is running a management software for remote access. It provides other computers that connect to information and resources.

YOUR DIRECT: Refers to a specific print color other than one traditionally used four colors (cyan, magenta, yellow and black). In France, the spot is usually a color Pantone.

Typography: typographic characters are gathered in families (Roman, serif, fantasy, ...) then fonts (Garamond, Times, Din, Helvetica ...) then fonts (bold, size 10, italic, 24 body ...).

VARNISH: Action to file a coating on a printed document to give a matt or shiny.